Sevha inoumbwa neakawanda subsystems, imwe neimwe ichiita basa rakakosha pakuona kushanda kwesevha. Mamwe ma subsystems anonyanya kukosha pakuita zvinoenderana nekushandisa iyo server inoshandiswa.
Aya maseva subsystems anosanganisira:
1. processor uye Cache
Iyo processor ndiyo moyo weseva, ine mutoro wekubata dzinenge dzese kutengeserana. Iyo yakanyanya kukosha subsystem, uye pane yakajairika pfungwa yekuti vanokurumidza processors vanogara vari nani kubvisa mabhodhoro ekuita.
Pakati pezvinhu zvikuru zvakaiswa mumaseva, ma processors anowanzo kuve ane simba kupfuura mamwe ma subsystems. Nekudaro, mashoma mashoma maapplication anogona kushandisa zvizere zvakanakira zvemazuva ano processors seP4 kana 64-bit processors.
Semuenzaniso, classic server mienzaniso senge faira sevhavha haivimbi zvakanyanya ne processor basa rekuita sezvo yakawanda yefaira traffic inoshandisa Direct Memory Access (DMA) tekinoroji kunzvenga processor, zvichienderana netiweki, ndangariro, uye hard disk subsystems yekupfuura.
Nhasi, Intel inopa akasiyana processors akagadzirirwa X-series maseva. Kunzwisisa mutsauko uye zvakanakira pakati peakasiyana processor kwakakosha.
Cache, yakanyatso tariswa sechikamu chendangariro subsystem, inosanganiswa ne processor. Iyo CPU uye cache inoshanda pamwe chete, iine cache inoshanda panenge hafu yekumhanya kwe processor kana yakaenzana.
2. PCI Bhazi
Bhazi rePCI ndiro pombi yekupinza uye kubuda data mumaseva. Ese ma-X-series maseva anoshandisa PCI bhazi (kusanganisira PCI-X uye PCI-E) kubatanidza akakosha adapters akadai SCSI uye hard disks. Masevha epamusoro-soro anowanzo ane akawanda PCI mabhazi uye akawanda PCI slots achienzaniswa neapfuura mamodheru.
Mabhazi ePCI epamberi anosanganisira matekinoroji akaita sePCI-X 2.0 uye PCI-E, ayo anopa yakakwirira data kuburikidza nekugona kwekubatanidza. Iyo PCI chip inobatanidza iyo CPU uye cache kuPCI bhazi. Iyi seti yezvikamu inogadzirisa kubatana pakati pePCI bhazi, processor, uye memory subsystems kuti iwedzere kuita kwese system.
3. Chiyeuchidzo
Memory inoita basa rakakosha mukuita server. Kana sevha isina chiyeuchidzo chakakwana, kushanda kwayo kunowedzera, sezvo sisitimu yekushandisa inoda kuchengetedza data yakawedzerwa mundangariro, asi nzvimbo haina kukwana, zvichiita kuti data imire pane hard disk.
Chimwe chinocherechedzwa mukuvaka kwebhizinesi X-series server ndeye memory mirroring, iyo inovandudza redundancy uye kukanganisa kushivirira. Iyi IBM yekurangarira tekinoroji yakada kuenzana neRAID-1 yemadhisiki akaoma, uko ndangariro inokamurwa kuita mapoka anoratidzwa. Iyo mirroring basa ndeye Hardware-based, isingade imwe rutsigiro kubva kune inoshanda sisitimu.
4. Hard Disk
Kubva pane maonero emutongi, iyo hard disk subsystem ndiyo yakakosha inotaridza kuita server. Muchirongwa che hierarchical chezvishandiso zvekuchengetedza online (cache, memory, hard disk), hard disk ndiyo inononoka asi ine hukuru hukuru. Kune akawanda maseva maapplication, rinenge data rese rinochengetwa pane hard disk, zvichiita yekukurumidza hard disk subsystem yakakosha.
RAID inowanzoshandiswa kuwedzera nzvimbo yekuchengetedza mumaseva. Nekudaro, RAID arrays anokanganisa zvakanyanya server performance. Sarudzo yemazinga akasiyana eRAID kutsanangura akasiyana logic disks anokanganisa mashandiro, uye nzvimbo yekuchengetedza uye ruzivo rweparity zvakasiyana. IBM's ServeRAID array makadhi uye IBM Fiber Channel makadhi anopa sarudzo dzekushandisa dzakasiyana siyana RAID mazinga, imwe neimwe ine yakasarudzika kumisikidzwa.
Chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mukushanda ndiyo nhamba ye disks yakaoma muhutano hwakagadzirirwa: iyo yakawanda disks, zviri nani kubuda. Kunzwisisa kuti RAID inobata sei zvikumbiro zveI/O kunoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa mashandiro.
New serial matekinoroji, akadai seSATA neSAS, ave kushandiswa kuwedzera mashandiro uye kuvimbika.
5. Network
Iyo network adapta ndiyo interface iyo sevha inotaurirana nenyika yekunze. Kana data ichigona kuita hukuru hwepamusoro kuburikidza neiyi interface, ine simba network subsystem inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda kwesevha.
Network dhizaini yakakosha zvakaenzana sedhizaini sevha. Kuchinja kugovera zvikamu zvakasiyana zvetiweki kana kushandisa matekinoroji senge ATM kwakakodzera kufunga.
Gigabit network makadhi ave kushandiswa zvakanyanya mumasevha kuti ape inodiwa yakakwirira throughput. Nekudaro, matekinoroji matsva seTCP Offload Injini (TOE) yekuwana 10G mareti ari padhuze.
6. Graphics Card
Iyo inoratidzira subsystem mumaseva haina kukosha sezvo ichingoshandiswa chete kana maneja achida kudzora sevha. Vatengi havatombo shandisa iyo kadhi yemifananidzo, saka mashandiro eserver haawanzo kusimbisa iyi subsystem.
7. Operating System
Isu tinoona iyo inoshanda sisitimu ingangoita bhodhoro, senge mamwe ma hard disk subsystems. Mune masisitimu anoshanda seWindows, Linux, ESX Server, uye NetWare, pane marongero anogona kuchinjwa kuti avandudze mashandiro eserver.
Iwo ma subsystems anotarisisa kuita zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kweserver. Kuziva uye kubvisa mabhodhoro kunogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuunganidza uye kuongorora data rekuita. Nekudaro, basa iri harigone kupedzwa kamwechete, sezvo mabhodhoro anogona kusiyana nekuchinja kwesevha workload, pamwe zuva nezuva kana vhiki nevhiki.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-20-2023
